The ‘Photobook’: What’s in a name? The term ‘photobook’ is recent. It hardly appears in writings and discussions before the twenty-first century. This is surprising given that some of the various kinds of objects it purports to designate have been … Continue reading
‘Into the Light’ is an essay written for William Klein’s BLACK+LIGHT, the long-awaited publication of his 1952 maquette of abstract photography. Published by Imprint/HackelBury Gallery, 2014. Into the Light by David Campany In the last year or two I have visited William Klein … Continue reading
‘Stardust’ is an essay written for Mona Kuhn’s book PRIVATE, published by Steidl, 2014. Stardust Photography people like coincidences. Maybe it’s because we work with fragments. Pieces of jigsaws with shapes we must invent and coherence we must divine. I … Continue reading
Stephen Shore: Survey Published by Aperture (English)/ Fundación MAPFRE (English EU and Spanish versions) / Contrasto (Italian) In 2013 Stephen Shore and I had a long conversation covering the entirety of his career, from his first time in the darkroom (aged 6) to the … Continue reading
‘Spectacle of Surveillance’, an essay by David Campany for Jules Spinatsch’s project book Vienna MMIX-10008/7000: Surveillance Panorama Project No. 4 – The Vienna Opera Ball. Published by Scheidegger & Spiess, Zürich, 2014. Spectacle of Surveillance by David Campany The Vienna State Opera House. A state-of-the art … Continue reading
What on Earth? David Campany What happens when we look at a photograph but cannot figure out what it is of? Never mind what it means, just what it is of? Most images aim to be easy, so this is … Continue reading
‘Architecture as Photography: document, publicity, commentary, art’. An essay written for the book accompanying the exhibition Constructing Worlds: Photography and Architecture in the Modern Age, Barbican Gallery London, 25 September 2014 – 11 January 2015; ArkDes Stockholm, 20 February – 17 May … Continue reading
An exhibition of key works by Lewis Baltz seen in relation to the cinema of Michelangelo Antonioni, Alfred Hitchcock and Jean-Luc Godard. Curated by Dominique Païni, David Campany and Diane Dufour. Le Bal, Paris, May 23- August 24 Accompanying book published by … Continue reading
‘Lewis Baltz, Cinema and the Intuition of Nothing’ – a brief essay written on the occasion of the exhibition Lewis Baltz: Common Objects – Hitchcock, Antonioni, Godard, at Le Bal, Paris, 2014. Published in the accompanying catalogue issued by Steidl/ Le … Continue reading
The status of the photographic within sociological research remains an open question. Even if we cannot quite accept that there can be no place for it, none of us knows quite what that place should be. Photographs are essentially ambiguous … Continue reading
Walker Evans: the magazine work by David Campany 29 cm x 22 cm 224 pages Hardcover Published by Steidl ISBN: 978-3-86930-259-1 SOLD OUT at Steidl. Some copies available elsewhere. Walker Evans was one of the most important and influential artists of … Continue reading
‘Walker Evans (1903-1975)’ by David Campany. Published in Fifty Key Writers on Photography, edited by Mark Durden, Routledge 2013. A short essay outlining the significance of Walker Evans as a writer. Walker Evans was one of the most renowned photographers of … Continue reading
‘The Angel of History in the Age of the Internet’. An essay on the recent photography of Stan Douglas by David Campany. Published in Leon Krempel, ed., Stan Douglas, Prestel 2014 Stan Douglas, Powell Street Grounds, 28 January 1912, 2008, 151,1 x 264,2 … Continue reading
PA is a magazine I co-founded and co-edit with Cristina Bechtler. For each issue we invite an artist to select and sequence their own work over as many spreads as they need. They then choose a second artist who is invited … Continue reading
Blog posts commissioned by Fotomuseum Winterthur for their Still Searching project. PHOTOGRAPHY AND PHOTOGRAPHS My first post will be quite long but I will make up for it with shorter subsequent posts. I’m hoping they will add up to … Continue reading
Publisher’s blurb: ‘Lucas Blalock plays with the conventions of photography by exploring its limits and inherent contradictions. He examines not only the photograph’s subject but also the internal information of its making. Transposing Bertholt Brecht’s theory of alienation into … Continue reading
Victor Burgin: A Sense of Place AmbikaP3, 35 Marylebone Road, London. November 1 – December 1, 2013 Curated by David Campany & Michael Maziere A Sense of Place is a major exhibition of the work of Victor Burgin. Five recent digital … Continue reading
Victor Burgin: On Paper Curated by David Campany Richard Saltoun Gallery 111 Great Titchfield Street, London W1W 6RY, 31 October – 6 December 2013 Victor Burgin first came to prominence in the late 1960s as an originator of Conceptual Art, when … Continue reading
A conversation with Stephen Shore covering 45 years of his career… in 45 minutes. http://friezefoundation.org/talks With thanks to Jennifer Higgie and Christy Lange of Frieze magazine. A much longer conversation between Stephen Shore and David Campany is published in the … Continue reading
Lee Friedlander, Peter Exline, Spokane, Washington, 1970. Courtesy Fraenkel Gallery. What happens when a virtuoso photographer enters a domestic situation? Ordinary events may be lifted suddenly into another realm. Here is a photograph by Lee Friedlander. It was taken in … Continue reading
Softcover with dustjacket 24 cm x 32 cm 100 pages 37 colour and 37 black and white images Price €30.00 £27.50 $35.00 ISBN: 9781907946448 http://www.mackbooks.co.uk/books/72-Gasoline.html Gasoline is also available as an ebook, published by MAPP http://mappeditions.com/publications/gasoline http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/pump-action-why-images-of-gas-stations-capture-all-things-american-8810319.html http://cnnphotos.blogs.cnn.com/2013/09/08/gasoline-the-end-of-oils-innocence/ http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/photography-blog/2013/sep/26/photography-america-vintage-gas-stations David … Continue reading
Tomorrow’s Headlines Are Today’s Fish and Chip Papers David Campany interviewed by Duncan Wooldridge for Either/And website. Duncan Wooldridge: In your essay ‘Safety in Numbness: Some Remarks on Late Photography’, you wrote about how the contemporary photographic document had … Continue reading
Jacques Tati’s Playtime and Photography by David Campany. First published Aperture no. 212, Fall 2013. Playtime (1967) is the great labor of love crafted over three years by the maverick French filmmaker Jacques Tati. It was shot in 70mm on a … Continue reading
‘All or Nothing, Sun in Empty Rooms’, is an essay written for the first major monograph of the work of Sarah Jones, published by Violette Editions in 2013. Every artist continually wants to reach the edge of nothingness – the point where you … Continue reading
I worked with Mark Neville to curate his exhibition Deeds Not Words at The Photographers’ Gallery, London, August 2nd – September 29th, 2013. Mark Neville works at the intersection of art and documentary. His films and photographs are disseminated in unique … Continue reading
Xavier Ribas’ series Sundays (1994-1997) began as a response to the corporate image projected by the city of Barcelona around the time of the 1992 Olympics. That image was not just a matter of ‘official photography and television’. Significant parts … Continue reading
Stephanie Schwartz (SS): In the opening pages of your book Walker Evans: The Magazine Work, you propose “another Walker Evans.” Who is this Evans? David Campany (DC): Well, Walker Evans (1903–1975) is famous, perhaps one of the most well-known photographers … Continue reading
‘Seams and Interruptions. Surrealism and Photography.’ David Campany and John Stezaker in conversation. First published in Frieze Masters magazine, no.2, 2013 David Campany: André Breton once defined a surrealist image as one in which two conceptions of reality co-exist. Susan … Continue reading
Published on the occasion of Mac Adams: Crimes of Perception, works from 1970′s. Elizabeth Dee Gallery, New York, June 2013 One Let’s embrace the hybrid character of photography. In Mac Adams’ pictures you will find allusions to detective stories and … Continue reading
Marianne Wex: Let’s Take Back Our Space, 1979 by David Campany The German artist Marianne Wex started out as a painter before producing her photographic project Let’s Take Back Our Space, one of the great unsung works of 1970s feminist history and … Continue reading
From his conceptual art of the 1960s to his present computer generated works, Victor Burgin has explored the virtual nature of all images and words. David Campany: The departure point for your latest video projection, Mirror Lake (2013), is … Continue reading
A review of Oranges on Fire, a survey of the work of Larry Sultan and Mike Mandel (Published by Walther König, 2012) Finally we have a book that surveys one of the most interesting artistic collaborations of the post-war era. … Continue reading
William Klein and David Campany in conversation at the Museum of Art & Design, New York. March 13, 2013. A conversation spanning William Klein’s sixty-year career, taking in abstract painting under Fernand Léger in Paris; early exhibitions in Milan; shooting fashion … Continue reading
Few photographs have had anything like the impact or enduring fascination of Edward Muybridge’s studies of human and animal locomotion, made in the 1870s and 1880s. They changed things forever and have come to symbolise modernity’s seismic and irreversible … Continue reading
The artist Daniel Blaufuks’ book Works on Memory contains a long exchange between Blaufuks and David Campany on the subject of history, memory, technology and photography. Size: 115 x 178 mm / Illustration: 92 b&w / Binding: Softback 152 pages … Continue reading
All American: Five Photographic Books about the USA A short text by David Campany Modern America has been a project, an experiment. As such, its self-image is a matter of some importance. The critic Van Wyck Brooks once wrote of … Continue reading
184 pp., 196 color illustrations, 11½x8” Buy from the Tate website Abrams book website David Campany’s essay ‘William Klein’s Way’ introduces the book. It is also published in Italian in William Klein: Il Mondo a Modo Suo … Continue reading
‘Brighton’ is a very short text written for a four publication set produced by Preston is My Paris as the outcome of the FIND project at Brighton Photo Fringe 2012. An assembled archive of 192 images is split over the … Continue reading
Contains the essay ‘Ninety Seconds’, by David Campany. The book features Klein’s early paintings from the late 1940s and ’50s, unseen abstract silver-gelatin photos, magazine covers, ‘Lettrist’ paintings of the 1960s, designs and drawings for films, street photographs and murals. Read … Continue reading
A publicity photo for Lust for Life, Vincente Minnelli’s 1956 biopic of Vincent van Gogh. A Los Angeles art teacher supplied the production with copies of canvases in various states of completion. Playing Vincent, Kirk Douglas poses at the easel, … Continue reading
‘Literature’, Susan Sontag once said, ‘is writing one wishes to reread’. Artworks, one might extend, are images or objects or performances one wishes to re-view. Early in his long career, 1973 to be exact, the artist-writer Victor Burgin offered a … Continue reading
Too much, too little An essay first published in the Deutsche Börse Photography Prize catalogue, 2012. One salutary consequence of the rise of photography in and as art has been the acceptance of common ground between ‘photographers’ and those ‘working … Continue reading
The Time of Chris Killip by David Campany The time is out of joint. O cursed spite, that ever I was born to set it right. (Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Scene V.) This is a good moment to look at the … Continue reading
‘In the Frame’ Doug Rickard’s Google Street View project A New American Picture was first exhibited as part of Anonymes: unnamed American in photography and film, the show I co-curated with Diane Dufour at Le Bal, Paris, in 2010. To mark … Continue reading
Here are two very different publicity stills from two very different films: Michael Powell & Emeric Pressburger’s A Matter of Life and Death (1946), which I watch often, and Robert Bresson’s Mouchette (1967), which I saw only once and will probably never see again. … Continue reading
A short foreword written by David Campany for Juliet Hacking’s book Photography: the Whole Story. Strictly speaking, the whole story of photography would be an account of every photograph ever taken and every response to it, from that tentative handful made … Continue reading
Precedented Photography By David Campany. First published in Aperture n.206, Spring 2012. Photography’s rambling, unsystematic past is becoming increasingly available to us—not least the history of illustrated printed matter, which is now easily uploaded, accessed and bought via the Internet, and … Continue reading
An essay on some of Walker Evans’ photo essays for Fortune magazine.
David Campany contributes three entries to David Evans’s fine neo-Bataillean anthology Critical Dictionary (Black Dog Publishing, 2011). Bed, 1995
Photography may have triumphed in art over the last couple of decades, but questions linger as to whether art gets the best out of it. Many artistically minded photographers admit to finding art an interesting place to visit but they … Continue reading
Photography from Page to Wall The development of vanguard photography from the 1960s to the 1980s involved, among other things, a profound shift from the printed page to the gallery wall as the site for which its images were to … Continue reading
Traces and Pictures by David Campany Looked at as a whole the works gathered together here cover one of the richest and most complex periods in the development of photographic art. The collection of Zellweger Luwa AG begins with key … Continue reading
Essay by David Campany, plus a conversation with John Stezaker Softcover 27 x 21 cm / 10.6 x 8.3 inches 144 pages / 63 colour illustrations ISBN: 978 1 905464 41 8
The Lens, the Shutter and the Light Sensitive Surface What gives rise to the wish or the need to define something? It usually happens when we are attracted to it, or when we find it threatening, or when it is … Continue reading
Lee Cluderay (née Marjorie Powell, 1900), the daughter of a British naval officer of low rank, was raised by her American mother in Port Glasgow, Scotland. Little is known of her early life. A compulsive thief by the age of … Continue reading
I co-founded and co-edit PA magazine with Cristina Bechtler. For each issue we invite an artist to select and sequence their own work over as many spreads as they need. They then choose a second artist who is invited to … Continue reading
‘Noticing’ is an essay commissioned for Paul Graham’s Hasselblad Award publication 1981 & 2011 (published by MACK in 2012). The book brings together Graham’s first major project A1:The Great North Road with The Present. Noticing by David Campany With the … Continue reading
Jeff Wall’s Picture for Women (1979) marks the transition of photography as contemporary art form from the printed page to the gallery wall. In the photograph a woman looks outward, as if at the viewer; a camera occupies the centre … Continue reading
What to Photograph? I recall the very first project I gave to my students on my very first day as a photography tutor. If they learned a tenth as much about photography as I did from it, I’d consider it … Continue reading
The ‘Sinister’ Photograph: Manuel Alvarez Bravo’s Parábola óptica, 1931 by David Campany It is said that towards the end of her life Marilyn Monroe began to veto many of the portrait photos taken of her. Increasingly troubled by her own … Continue reading
Drink the wine, discard the bottle, then drink something else. A short text commissioned for the first issue of the journal Philosophy of Photography, 2010 A couple of years ago I was at a seminar that was intended to … Continue reading
Mr. Eggleston, have we met before? by David Campany A response to 21st Century, photographs by William Eggleston at Victoria Miro Gallery, London, 15 January – 27 February 2010. First published in Source n. 61, 2010. Michael Almereyda’s recent documentary … Continue reading
Let’s look at the facts. A man in a dark suit in a dark alleyway holds a divining rod. A woman stands on a gridded mat, her fingers wired for some kind of monitoring. A girl’s head and arms poke … Continue reading
Boxed, Paperback, 6 Vol., 4.5 x 6 in., 500 pgs, illustrated throughout. ISBN: 9788492498895 This little book is part of the series published by La Fabrica, Madrid. It comes in a box of five other book-length conversations (John Baldessari, … Continue reading
Curated by David Campany Works by Camille Fallet, Mimi Mollica, Xavier Ribas, Eva Stenram, Lillian Wilkie, Tereza Zelenkova and David Campany Few could have failed to notice that much of the current discussion about photography revolves around questions of time, … Continue reading
Jack Kerouac On the Road, by Ed Ruscha. Published by Steidl with Gagosian Gallery, October 2009. Limited edition of 350 copies, 35 APs and 5 PPs. £6250 / $10,000 / Euro 6800. Mirror, Signal, Oeuvre Is it dangerous for an … Continue reading
The inaugural show at Le Bal, co-curated with its Director, Diane Dufour. Through photographs, books, magazines, film and video Anonymes considers America’s long history of depicting and celebrating the anonymous citizen, against its cult of celebrity, fame and individuality. Anonymes … Continue reading
The Scene of Photography and the Future of its Illusion By David Campany. First published in Photoworks no. 14, 2010 When Tate Modern presented the huge survey show Street & Studio back in 2008, a single striking point seemed … Continue reading
Yesterday’s everyday and the Depiction of Work by David Campany Commissioned for the book The Everyday, edited by Sergio Mah, PhotoEspana, Madrid 2009. A few years ago I was invited to give a talk at Central Saint Martin’s School of … Continue reading
© Rinko Kawauchi Releasing the Shutter and Drinking Tea It is tempting in these narcissistic times to assume that ‘the personal’ is a realm of experience entirely distinct from social or collective life. But the boundaries are … Continue reading
In 1924 the German pacifist-anarchist Ernst Friedrich published an illustrated polemic titled War Against War. It was a picture book that gathered together images of war and its effects that had been censored, suppressed or were never intended for public … Continue reading
The first of the Errata Editions reissues of classic photography books is Atget: Photographe de Paris, first published in 1930. The reissue includes an early version of the essay ‘Eugène Atget’s Intelligent Documents’, by David Campany. Let us begin with some facts. Eugène … Continue reading
I co-founded and co-edit PA magazine with Cristina Bechtler. For each issue we invite an artist to select and sequence their own work over as many spreads as they need. They then choose a second artist who is invited to do the … Continue reading
Between Cinephilia and Cineclasm A short essay on the work of Jason Dee, commissioned by Stills Gallery, 2009. Jason Dee makes formally elegant, perfectly realised short films that play as loops in gallery spaces. They are sophisticated, knowing, seductive, profound, … Continue reading
William Klein’s lasting legacy to photography will be his four city books: New York (1956), Rome (1959), Tokyo and Moscow (both 1964). New York in particular is regularly lauded as one of the great photographic achievements of the last century. … Continue reading
‘…page after page…’ By David Campany for C Magazine, 2009 It is fairly clear even to those only remotely interested in the matter that cinema and photography have had a rich and strange relationship right from the beginnings of cinema … Continue reading
That Obscure Object of Photography My title comes from Luis Bunuel’s That Obscure Object of Desire (1977), a film about a man chasing a woman who is played by two different actresses. The man doesn’t seem to notice the switch … Continue reading
Is there any photograph more hybrid, less aesthetically pure than the film still? It has its admirers but there are few of them among the guardians of photography. The film still is something of an orphan. But of course orphans … Continue reading
The photographic art of Thomas Ruff makes very particular demands of us and offers very particular kinds of pleasure, both aesthetic and intellectual. His work seems cold and dispassionate, willful, searching and perverse but at times surprisingly beautiful. Whether he … Continue reading
Comparatively little attention has been paid to photographically illustrated books for children. They hardly appear in the histories of photography or children’s literature. This seems like an oversight. There have been thousands published, the earliest appearing in the first decades … Continue reading
Motion Pictures An essay on the films of artist Mark Lewis. Mark Lewis’ single take film North Circular (2000) begins as a fixed shot of an empty car park. In the distance is a derelict Modernist office block. After two … Continue reading
In 2008 I curated Current History, a large show of Hannah Collins’s photographs and film installations. It debuted at Obra Social Fundación “la Caixa” Barcelona, traveling to “La Caixa” Madrid; ARTIUM, Centro-Museo Vasco de Arte Contemporaneo, Vitoria-Gasteiz; and then to the Museo de Arte de la … Continue reading
PA magazine was co-founded by David Campany and Cristina Bechtler. For each issue an artist is invited to select and sequence their own work over as many spreads as they need. They then choose a second artist who is invited to … Continue reading
160 pages Paperback Reaktion Books ISBN: 9781861893512 127 illustrations, 40 in colour Chinese translation published by Nanjing University Press Farsi edition: Winner of the Kraszna-Krausz Award, 2009 What did the arrival of cinema do for photography? How did the … Continue reading
David takes part in three episodes.
David Campany: Edgar, your work baffles me in the most pleasurable way. I suspect it has this effect on you too. Edgar Martins: I like to convoke different strategies in my work. For a while I thought I would be a … Continue reading
The Cinematic, edited by David Campany, is an anthology of essays surveying the rich history of relationships between the moving and the still image in photography and film, tracing their ever-changing dialogue since early modernism. Manifestations of the cinematic in … Continue reading
Essay coming soon.
‘The Career of a Photographer, the Career of a Photograph – Bill Brandt’s Art of the Document’ First published in the Tate Liverpool exhibition catalogue Making History: Art and documentary in Britain from 1929-Now, 2006. Photographs are highly mobile images. Made at … Continue reading
The End. An essay on Simon Patterson’s ‘Black List’ by David Campany How does a film come to an end? It may be more complicated than we might presume. Think of a typical experience in your local cinema. The average … Continue reading
Chris Coekin discusses his book Knock Three Times with David Campany DC Whenever photography is autobiographical, there seem to be two histories in play – the photographer’s history and the history of their subject matter. It complicates the question of … Continue reading
‘Photography and the Wind’. First published in Photoworks magazine, Spring/Summer 2006 There is a song by Robert Wyatt titled The Sight of the Wind. Backed by whispered sucking and blowing sounds he sings of a lazy afternoon by a … Continue reading
Once More for Stills First published in Christoph Schifferli, ed., Paper Dreams: the lost art of Hollywood stills photography, Steidl, 2006. Almost every film production has a stills photographer. Stills provide the movie with everything from working descriptions of interiors and … Continue reading
Posing, Acting and Photography by David Campany First published in Joanna Lowry and David Green, eds., Stillness and Time, Brighton, Photoworks, 2006 A gesture cannot be regarded as the expression of an individual, as his creation (because no individual is … Continue reading
The Red House by David Campany Adam Broomberg and Oliver Chanarin have photographed marks and drawings made on the walls of a fading pink building now known as the Red House. Situated on the slope of a hill in the … Continue reading
August Strindberg, Self-portrait, Gersau, Switzerland, 1886 ‘Art, Science and Speculation: August Strindberg’s photographics’ by David Campany. First published in the TATE Modern catalogue August Strindberg: Painter, Photographer, Writer, 2006 August Strindberg developed an interest in photography in his boyhood in … Continue reading
Written for the book John Divola: Three Acts, Aperture, 2006 Once seen, the work of John Divola is not easily forgotten, particularly his photographs made in disused buildings. There is nothing quite like them in the history of the medium. … Continue reading
In William Henry Fox Talbot’s early treatise on photography The Pencil of Nature there is a humble image of a piece fabric. Talbot placed black lace directly on to sensitised paper and exposed it to the sun. The lace appears … Continue reading
Man Ray and Marcel Duchamp: Dust Breeding 1920 David Campany It’s my dream. A world where all would be silent and still and each thing in its last place, under the last dust. Clov in Samuel Beckett’s Endgame Photographs sometimes … Continue reading
DAVID CAMPANY: Much of your work seems to be based very much on process, particularly more recent work such as the Kurdistan project and ‘Encounters with the Dani’. Obviously work has to surface, one way or another, but do you have … Continue reading
Thomas shot the fresh asphalt, looking just long enough to frame it. He slid back in behind the wheel and caught me laying flat. He knew right there I was avoiding the camera. We drove off across the black square, … Continue reading
Martin Parr is perhaps the most visible and distinctive figure working in photography today. Never one to confine himself, he moves tirelessly between photo shoots, curating, writing, collecting, editing, publishing and promoting. Each and every project is conceived with his … Continue reading
“Almost the same thing”: Some thoughts on the collector-photographer. First published in the Tate Modern exhibition catalogue Cruel and Tender: the Real in the Twentieth Century Photograph, 2003 by David Campany Near the end of his working life Walker Evans was … Continue reading
‘Safety in Numbness: Some remarks on the problems of “Late Photography”’, first published in David Green ed., Where is the Photograph?, Photoworks/Photoforum, 2003. (Author’s note: although it’s quite old now, I still see this essay cited frequently. Perhaps this is … Continue reading
Art and Photography surveys the major presence of photography at the centre of artistic practice from the 1960s onwards. On its invention, the photograph was considered a purely mechanical, an artless object that could not be included in the fine arts. … Continue reading
The encounter between two disciplines doesn’t take place when one begins to reflect on another, but when one discipline realises that it has to resolve, for itself and by its own means, a problem similar to one confronted by the … Continue reading
An essay on Dan Graham’s 1966 magazine piece Homes for America and its canonisation in post-conceptual art history. (Really). Text coming when I find it. In the meantime, here are three iterations of Dan Graham’s piece:
Why Don’t We Walk Along The River? Rut Blees Luxemburg and David Campany in conversation David: It’s Saturday night and we’re at the foot of Hungerford Bridge in Central London. Rut, you are preparing an image of the underside of … Continue reading
‘Art Photographed. Some Notes on Painting and the Book’ is an essay commissioned for the exhibition catalogue Postcards on Photography. Painting and Reproduction, edited by Naomi Salaman and Ronnie Simpson, Cambridge Darkroom 1998. Essay coming here soon (once I find … Continue reading
‘Auto-interview’, transcript vol. 2, no 1. 1996
Article of the public billboard work of AVI (David Campany & Gavin Jack) by Naomi Salaman